Harry Crijns

Professor

Harry Crijns is professor and chair of Cardiology and board member of the Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM) at Maastricht UMC+. He studied medicine at the University of Amsterdam and was trained in cardiology and electrophysiology in Groningen and Maastricht. He is a Fellow of the ESC and a past board member of the EHRA. He is also past Chair of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology. He served on several guidelines committees for the management of AF. Currently he is the chairman of the scientific advisory board of the Dutch Heart Foundation.

His primary research focus continues to be atrial fibrillation (AF). He founded the RACE trials in the Netherlands and led the Euro Heart Survey on AF (ESC). He has established his reputation by introducing innovative concepts for diagnosis and treatment of AF by showing that - quite contrary to longstanding beliefs - electrical management does not change prognosis. This revolutionised management of the arrhythmia worldwide with the effect that major interventions like electrical cardioversion, catheter ablation and antiarrhythmic drug therapy are applied in a much more personalized fashion.

Subsequently his group showed that rate control in AF can be individualized thereby removing the previously used strict heart rate targets from the international guidelines. He also performed the Euro Heart Survey on AF and made many contributions to the field of stroke management in AF, such as the construction of well-recognised AF specific risk stratification scores for AF progression (HATCH), ischemic stroke (CHA2DS2-VASc) and major bleeding (HAS-BLED). These scores have practically conquered the medical AF community and improved patient care whilst boosting new clinical research throughout the world.

His research group now focusses on recent-onset AF, hybrid AF ablation, upstream therapy and vascular mechanisms for AF progression and stroke in idiopathic atrial fibrillation. He is (co-)author on over 650 scientific articles, with 56,677 citations and Hirsch-index of 100.

Department of Cardiology
P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht 
PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht


  • 2013
    • Eckstein, J., Zeemering, S., Linz, D., Maesen, B., Verheule, S., van Hunnik, A., Crijns, H., Allessie, M. A., & Schotten, U. (2013). Transmural Conduction Is the Predominant Mechanism of Breakthrough During Atrial Fibrillation Evidence From Simultaneous Endo-Epicardial High-Density Activation Mapping. Circulation-Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, 6(2), 334-341. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000342
    • Groenveld, H. F., Tijssen, J. G. P., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Van den Berg, M. P., Hillege, H. L., Alings, M., Van Veldhuisen, D. J., & Van Gelder, I. C. (2013). Rate Control Efficacy in Permanent Atrial Fibrillation: Successful and Failed Strict Rate Control Against a Background of Lenient Rate Control. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 61(7), 741-748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2012.11.038
    • Immordino, L., Connolly, S., Crijns, H., Roy, D., Capucci, A., Radzik, D., Aliot, E., Hohnloser, S., & Kowey, P. (2013). Effects of Dronedarone Started Rapidly After Amiodarone Discontinuation. Clinical Cardiology, 36(2), 88-95. https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.22090
    • La Meir, M., Gelsomino, S., Luca, F., Pison, L., Colella, A., Lorusso, R., Crudeli, E., Gensini, G. F., Crijns, H. G., & Maessen, J. (2013). Minimal invasive surgery for atrial fibrillation: an updated review. EP Europace, 15(2), 170-182. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/eus216
    • Pisters, R., Nieuwlaat, R., Lane, D. A., Crijns, H. J. G. M., & Lip, G. Y. H. (2013). Potential net clinical benefit of population-wide implementation of apixaban and dabigatran among European patients with atrial fibrillation A modelling analysis from the Euro Heart Survey. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 109(2), 328-336. https://doi.org/10.1160/TH12-08-0539
    • Jaarsma, C., Schalla, S., Cheriex, E. C., Smulders, M. W., van Dongen, I., Nelemans, P. J., Gorgels, A. P. M., Wildberger, J. E., Crijns, H. J. G. M., & Bekkers, B. (2013). Incremental value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance over echocardiography in the detection of acute and chronic myocardial infarction. Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, 15(1), Article 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-15-5
    • Smulders, M. W., Kietselaer, B. L. J. H., Das, M., Wildberger, J. E., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Veenstra, L., Brunner La Rocca, H. P., van Dieijen-Visser, M. P., Mingels, A. M. A., Dagnelie, P. C., Post, M. J., Gorgels, A. P. M., van Asselt, A. D. I., Vogel, G., Schalla, S., Kim, R. J., & Bekkers, S. C. A. M. (2013). The role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography angiography in suspected non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients: Design and rationale of the CARdiovascular Magnetic rEsoNance imaging and computed Tomography Angiography (CARMENTA) trial. American Heart Journal, 166(6), 968-975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2013.09.012
    • Weijs, B., de Vos, C. B., Tieleman, R. G., Peeters, F., Limantoro, I., Kroon, A. A., Cheriex, E. C., Pisters, R., & Crijns, H. J. G. M. (2013). The occurrence of cardiovascular disease during 5-year follow-up in patients with idiopathic atrial fibrillation. EP Europace, 15(1), 18-23. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/eus203
  • 2012
    • Weijs, B., Pisters, R., Haest, R. J., Kragten, J. A., Joosen, I. A., Versteylen, M., Timmermans, C. C., Pison, L., Blaauw, Y., Hofstra, L., Nieuwlaat, R., Wildberger, J., & Crijns, H. J. (2012). Patients originally diagnosed with idiopathic atrial fibrillation more often suffer from insidious coronary artery disease compared to healthy sinus rhythm controls. Heart Rhythm, 9(12), 1923-1929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.08.013
    • Hendriks, J. M. L., de Wit, R., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Vrijhoef, H. J. M., Prins, M. H., Pisters, R., Pison, L. A. F. G., Blaauw, Y., & Tieleman, R. G. (2012). Nurse-led care vs. usual care for patients with atrial fibrillation: results of a randomized trial of integrated chronic care vs. routine clinical care in ambulatory patients with atrial fibrillation. European Heart Journal, 33(21), 2692-2699. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehs071
    • Eurlings, L. W., van Wijk, S., van Kimmenade, R., Osinski, A., van Helmond, L., Vallinga, M., Crijns, H. J., van Dieijen-Visser, M. P., Brunner La Rocca, H. P., & Pinto, Y. M. (2012). Multimarker strategy for short-term risk assessment in patients with dyspnea in the emergency department: The marked (multi marker emergency dyspnea)-risk score. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 60(17), 1668-1677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2012.06.040
    • Crijns, H. J. G. M., Bash, L. D., Chazelle, F., Le Heuzey, J.-Y., Lewalter, T., Lip, G. Y. H., Maggioni, A. P., Martin, A., Ponikowski, P., Rosenqvist, M., Sanders, P., Scanavacca, M., Bernhardt, A. A., Unniachan, S., Phatak, H. M., & Gitt, A. K. (2012). RHYTHM-AF: design of an international registry on cardioversion of atrial fibrillation and characteristics of participating centers. BMC Cardiovascular disorders, 12, 85. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2261-12-85
    • Mulder, B. A., van Veldhuisen, D. J., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Bohm, M., Cohen-Solal, A., Babalis, D., Roughton, M., Flather, M. D., Coats, A. J. S., & Van Gelder, I. C. (2012). Effect of nebivolol on outcome in elderly patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: insights from SENIORS. European journal of heart failure, 14(10), 1171-1178. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfs100
    • Lau, D. H., Maesen, B., Zeemering, S., Verheule, S., Crijns, H. J., & Schotten, U. (2012). Stability of Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrograms: A Systematic Review. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 23(9), 980-987. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2012.02335.x
    • Dennert, R., van Paassen, P., Wolffs, P., Bruggeman, C., Velthuis, S., Felix, S., van Suylen, R.-J., Crijns, H. J., Tervaert, J. W. C., & Heymans, S. (2012). Differences in Virus Prevalence and Load in the Hearts of Patients with Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy with and without Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 19(8), 1182-1187. https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00281-12
    • Pison, L., La Meir, M., van Opstal, J., Blaauw, Y., Maessen, J., & Crijns, H. J. (2012). Hybrid Thoracoscopic Surgical and Transvenous Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 60(1), 54-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2011.12.055
    • Boyne, J. J. J., Vrijhoef, H. J. M., Crijns, H. J. G. M., De Weerd, G., Kragten, J., & Gorgels, A. P. M. (2012). Tailored telemonitoring in patients with heart failure: results of a multicentre randomized controlled trial. European journal of heart failure, 14(7), 791-801. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfs058
    • Octavia, Y., Tocchetti, C. G., Gabrielson, K. L., Janssens, S., Crijns, H. J., & Moens, A. L. (2012). Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 52(6), 1213-1225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.03.006
    • Versteylen, M. O., Takx, R. A. P., Joosen, I. A. P. G., Nelemans, P. J., Das, M., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Hofstra, L., & Leiner, T. (2012). Epicardial adipose tissue volume as a predictor for coronary artery disease in diabetic, impaired fasting glucose, and non-diabetic patients presenting with chest pain. European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging, 13(6), 517-523. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jes024
    • van Deursen, C. J. M., Strik, M., Rademakers, L. M., van Hunnik, A., Kuiper, M., Wecke, L., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Vernooy, K., & Prinzen, F. W. (2012). Vectorcardiography as a Tool for Easy Optimization of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Canine Left Bundle Branch Block Hearts. Circulation-Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, 5(3), 544-552. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.111.966358
    • Jaarsma, C., Leiner, T., Bekkers, S. C., Crijns, H. J., Wildberger, J. E., Nagel, E., Nelemans, P. J., & Schalla, S. (2012). Diagnostic Performance of Noninvasive Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Using Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography, Cardiac Magnetic Resonance, and Positron Emission Tomography Imaging for the Detection of Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease A Meta-Analysis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 59(19), 1719-1728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2011.12.040
    • Lemmert, M. E., de Vreede-Swagemakers, J. J. M., Eurlings, L. W. M., Kalb, L., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Wellens, H. J. J., & Gorgels, A. P. M. (2012). Electrocardiographic Predictors of Out-of-Hospital Sudden Cardiac Arrest in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. American Journal of Cardiology, 109(9), 1278-1282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.12.020
    • Khitri, A. R., Aliot, E. M., Capucci, A., Connolly, S. J., Crijns, H., Hohnloser, S. H., Kulakowski, P., Roy, D., Radzik, D., & Kowey, P. R. (2012). Celivarone for Maintenance of Sinus Rhythm and Conversion of Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 23(5), 462-472. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02234.x
    • Pisters, R., Nieuwlaat, R., Prins, M. H., Le Heuzey, J.-Y., Maggioni, A. P., Camm, A. J., & Crijns, H. J. G. M. (2012). Clinical correlates of immediate success and outcome at 1-year follow-up of real-world cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey. EP Europace, 14(5), 666-674. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/eur406
    • De Vos, C. B., Breithardt, G., Camm, A. J., Dorian, P., Kowey, P. R., Le Heuzey, J.-Y., Naditch-Brule, L., Prystowsky, E. N., Schwartz, P. J., Torp-Pedersen, C., Weintraub, W. S., & Crijns, H. J. (2012). Progression of atrial fibrillation in the REgistry on Cardiac rhythm disORDers assessing the control of Atrial Fibrillation cohort: Clinical correlates and the effect of rhythm-control therapy. American Heart Journal, 163(5), 887-893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2012.02.015
    • Calkins, H., Kuck, K. H., Cappato, R., Brugada, J., Camm, A. J., Chen, S.-A., Crijns, H. J. G., Damiano, R. J. . J., Davies, D. W., DiMarco, J., Edgerton, J., Ellenbogen, K., Ezekowitz, M. D., Haines, D. E., Haissaguerre, M., Hindricks, G., Iesaka, Y., Jackman, W., Jalife, J., ... Vardas, P. E. (2012). 2012 HRS/EHRA/ECAS Expert Consensus Statement on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Recommendations for Patient Selection, Procedural Techniques, Patient Management and Follow-up, Definitions, Endpoints, and Research Trial Design. EP Europace, 14(4), 528-606. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/eus027
    • Calkins, H., Kuck, K. H., Cappato, R., Brugada, J., Camm, A. J., Chen, S.-A., Crijns, H. J. G., Damiano, R. J. . J., Davies, D. W., DiMarco, J., Edgerton, J., Ellenbogen, K., Ezekowitz, M. D., Haines, D. E., Haissaguerre, M., Hindricks, G., Iesaka, Y., Jackman, W., Jalife, J., ... Wilber, D. (2012). 2012 HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for patient selection, procedural techniques, patient management and follow-up, definitions, endpoints, and research trial design. Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology, 33(2), 171-257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-012-9672-7
    • Gojkovic, O., Aliot, E. M., Capucci, A., Connolly, S. J., Crijns, H., Hohnloser, S. H., Kulakowski, P., Roy, D., Radzik, D., Singh, B. N., & Kowey, P. R. (2012). Celivarone in patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: Adjunctive therapy for the reduction of ventricular arrhythmia-triggered implantable cardioverter-defibrillator interventions. Heart Rhythm, 9(2), 217-U2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.09.073
    • Weijs, B., Pisters, R., Nieuwlaat, R., Breithardt, G., Le Heuzey, J.-Y., Vardas, P. E., Limantoro, I., Schotten, U., Lip, G. Y. H., & Crijns, H. J. G. M. (2012). Idiopathic atrial fibrillation revisited in a large longitudinal clinical cohort. EP Europace, 14(2), 184-190. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/eur379
    • Johnson, D. M., de Jong, M. M. J., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Carlsson, L. G., & Volders, P. G. A. (2012). Reduced Ventricular Proarrhythmic Potential of the Novel Combined Ion-Channel Blocker AZD1305 Versus Dofetilide in Dogs With Remodeled Hearts. Circulation-Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, 5(1), 201-U328. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.111.963025
    • van Wijk, S., Jacobs, L., Eurlings, L. W., van Kimmenade, R., Lemmers, R., Broos, P., Bekers, O., Prins, M. H., Crijns, H. J., Pinto, Y. M., van Dieijen-Visser, M. P., & Brunner-La Rocca, H. P. (2012). Troponin T Measurements by High-Sensitivity vs Conventional Assays for Risk Stratification in Acute Dyspnea. Clinical Chemistry, 58(1), 284-292. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2011.175976
    • van der Weg, K., Bekkers, S. C. A. M., Winkens, B., Lemmert, M. E., Schalla, S., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Waltenberger, J., & Gorgels, A. P. M. (2012). Evaluation of the electrocardiogram in identifying and quantifying lateral involvement in nonanterior wall infarction using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Electrocardiology, 45(5), 478-484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2012.04.008
  • 2011
    • Kowey, P. R., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Aliot, E. M., Capucci, A., Kulakowski, P., Radzik, D., Roy, D., Connolly, S. J., & Hohnloser, S. H. (2011). Efficacy and Safety of Celivarone, With Amiodarone as Calibrator, in Patients With an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator for Prevention of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Interventions or Death The ALPHEE Study. Circulation, 124(24), 2649-U204. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.072561
    • Weijs, B., De Vos, C. B., Tieleman, R. G., Pisters, R., Cheriex, E. C., Prins, M. H., & Crijns, H. J. G. M. (2011). Clinical and echocardiographic correlates of intra-atrial conduction delay. EP Europace, 13(12), 1681-1687. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/eur261
    • Groenveld, H. F., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Van den Berg, M. P., Van Sonderen, E., Alings, A. M., Tijssen, J. G. P., Hillege, H. L., Tuininga, Y. S., van Veldhuisen, D. J., Ranchor, A. V., & Van Gelder, I. C. (2011). The Effect of Rate Control on Quality of Life in Patients With Permanent Atrial Fibrillation Data From the RACE II (Rate Control Efficacy in Permanent Atrial Fibrillation II) Study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 58(17), 1795-1803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2011.06.055
    • Weijs, B., Blaauw, Y., Rennenberg, R. J. M. W., Schurgers, L. J., Timmermans, C. C. M. M., Pison, L., Nieuwlaat, R., Hofstra, L., Kroon, A. A., Wildberger, J., & Crijns, H. J. G. M. (2011). Patients using vitamin K antagonists show increased levels of coronary calcification: an observational study in low-risk atrial fibrillation patients. European Heart Journal, 32(20), 2555-2562. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehr226
    • Heemstra, H. E., Nieuwlaat, R., Meijboom, M., & Crijns, H. J. (2011). The burden of atrial fibrillation in the Netherlands. Netherlands Heart Journal, 19(9), 373-378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12471-011-0175-4
    • Smit, M. D., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Tijssen, J. G. P., Hillege, H. L., Alings, M., Tuininga, Y. S., Groenveld, H. F., Van den Berg, M. P., van Veldhuisen, D. J., & Van Gelder, I. C. (2011). Effect of Lenient Versus Strict Rate Control on Cardiac Remodeling in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 58(9), 942-949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2011.04.030
    • Torp-Pedersen, C., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Gaudin, C., Page, R. L., Connolly, S. J., & Hohnloser, S. H. (2011). Impact of dronedarone on hospitalization burden in patients with atrial fibrillation: results from the ATHENA study. EP Europace, 13(8), 1118-1126. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/eur102
    • Camm, A. J., Breithardt, G., Crijns, H., Dorian, P., Kowey, P. R., Le Heuzey, J.-Y., Merioua, I., Pedrazzini, L., Prystowsky, E. N., Schwartz, P. J., Torp-Pedersen, C., & Weintraub, W. S. (2011). Real-Life Observations of Clinical Outcomes With Rhythm- and Rate-Control Therapies for Atrial Fibrillation RECORDAF (Registry on Cardiac Rhythm Disorders Assessing the Control of Atrial Fibrillation). Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 58(5), 493-501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2011.03.034
    • La Meir, M., Gelsomino, S., Luca, F., Pison, L., Chambille, P., Parise, O., Crijns, H. J., & Maessen, J. G. (2011). Time-Related Prevalence of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Stand-Alone Minimally Invasive Radiofrequency Ablation. Journal of Cardiac Surgery, 26(4), 453-459. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8191.2011.01272.x
    • Dinh, T., Baur, L. H. B., Pisters, R., Kamp, O., Verheugt, F. W. A., Smeets, J. L. R. M., Cheriex, E. C., Tieleman, R. G., Prins, M. H., & Crijns, H. J. G. M. (2011). Feasibility of TEE-guided stroke risk assessment in atrial fibrillation-background, aims, design and baseline data of the TIARA pilot study. Netherlands Heart Journal, 19(5), 214-222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12471-011-0095-3
    • Page, R. L., Connolly, S. J., Crijns, H. J. G. M., van Eickels, M., Gaudin, C., Torp-Pedersen, C., & Hohnloser, S. H. (2011). Rhythm- and Rate-Controlling Effects of Dronedarone in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (from the ATHENA Trial). American Journal of Cardiology, 107(7), 1019-1022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.11.028
    • De Ferrari, G. M., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Borggrefe, M., Milasinovic, G., Smid, J., Zabel, M., Gavazzi, A., Sanzo, A., Dennert, R., Kuschyk, J., Raspopovic, S., Klein, H., Swedberg, K., & Schwartz, P. J. (2011). Chronic vagus nerve stimulation: a new and promising therapeutic approach for chronic heart failure. European Heart Journal, 32(7), 847-855. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehq391
    • Alzand, B. S. N., & Crijns, H. J. G. M. (2011). Diagnostic criteria of broad QRS complex tachycardia: decades of evolution. EP Europace, 13(4), 465-472. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euq430
    • van Rijsingen, I. A. W., Bekkers, S. C. A. M., Schalla, S., Hermans-van Ast, J. F., Snoep, G., Alzand, B. S. N., Arens, Y. H. J. M., van den Wijngaard, A., Crijns, H. J. G. M., & Pinto, Y. M. (2011). Exercise related ventricular arrhythmias are related to cardiac fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mutation carriers. Netherlands Heart Journal, 19(4), 168-174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12471-011-0090-8
    • ACCF/AHA TASK FORCE MEMBERS, & Crijns, H. (2011). 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused Update on the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (Update on Dabigatran): A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation, 123(10), 1144-1150. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0b013e31820f14c0
    • Fuster, V., Ryden, L. E., Cannom, D. S., Crijns, H. J., Curtis, A. B., Ellenbogen, K. A., Halperin, J. L., Kay, G. N., Le Huezey, J.-Y., Lowe, J. E., Olsson, S. B., Prystowsky, E. N., Tamargo, J. L., Wann, L. S., Estes, N. A. M. III., Ezekowitz, M. D., Jackman, W. M., January, C. T., Page, R. L., ... Yancy, C. W. (2011). 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused Updates Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines 2006 WRITING COMMITTEE MEMBERS Developed in partnership with the European Society of Cardiology and in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 57(11), E101-E198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2010.09.013
    • Wann, L. S., Curtis, A. B., Ellenbogen, K. A., Estes, N. A. M. III., Ezekowitz, M. D., Jackman, W. M., January, C. T., Lowe, J. E., Page, R. L., Slotwiner, D. J., Stevenson, W. G., Tracy, C. M., Fuster, V., Ryden, L. E., Cannom, D. S., Crijns, H. J., Halperin, J. L., Kay, G. N., Le Heuzey, J.-Y., ... Yancy, C. W. (2011). 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused Update on the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (Update on Dabigatran) A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Heart Rhythm, 8(3), E1-E8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.01.032
    • Aliot, E., Capucci, A., Crijns, H. J., Goette, A., & Tamargo, J. (2011). Twenty-five years in the making: flecainide is safe and effective for the management of atrial fibrillation. EP Europace, 13(2), 161-173. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euq382